Kev faib tawm ntawm General-Lub Hom Phiaj Motors

Permanent Magnet Brushless Tsav

Brushless motors originated nyob rau hauv lub lig 1960s thiab tsim sai heev nrog rau cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov, microelectronics thiab fais fab electronics technology, thiab lub tshuab tsav tsheb. Lub cev muaj zog brushless yog ib yam khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm lub cev lub cev, txoj hauj lwm sensor, thiab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob. Lub cev tsis muaj zog nrog lub rotor ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li tseem hu ua cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov brushless lub cev muaj zog, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov motors tsis txhuam siv cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov.

Cov hlau nplaum tas mus li brushless motors tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: brushless DC motors (BLDCM) uas tau tsav los ntawm square yoj (txhaj nrog square yoj tam sim no rau hauv stator windings ntawm lub cev lub cev) thiab cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous motors (PMSM) uas tau tsav los ntawm sine yoj. Piv nrog rau cov tsoos brushed DC motors, BLDCMs hloov cov neeg kho tshuab commutation ntawm tsoos DC motors nrog hluav taws xob commutation thiab thim rov qab lub stator thiab rotor (lub rotor siv cov hlau nplaum tas mus li), yog li tshem tawm qhov yuav tsum tau rau ib tug neeg kho tshuab commutator thiab txhuam. PMSMs, ntawm qhov tod tes, hloov cov excitation windings nyob rau hauv lub rotor ntawm ib lub qhov txhab -rotor synchronous lub cev muaj zog nrog cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov, thaum ua kom lub stator tsis hloov, yog li tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm excitation coils, plam rings, thiab txhuam. Vim hais tias lub stator tam sim no ntawm BLDCM yog tsav los ntawm ib tug square yoj, nws yog yooj yim dua rau lub inverter kom tau ib tug square nthwv dej nyob rau hauv tib yam kev mob piv rau lub sinusoidal tsav ntawm PMSM. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws txoj kev tswj tau yooj yim dua li ntawm PMSM (txawm hais tias nws qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov qis qis yog qhov phem dua li ntawm PMSM- feem ntau yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm pulsating torque). Yog li ntawd, BLDCMs tau txais kev saib xyuas dav dua.

Cov hlau nplaum tas mus li brushless motors tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau ntxiv vim lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li xyoo 1970s, kev nce qib sai hauv kev txhawb nqa thev naus laus zis xws li cov khoom siv hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hydromagnetic, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab kev tswj hwm lub computer, nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv hauv micro- cov txheej txheem tsim lub cev muaj zog, tau ua rau muaj kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv hauv cov thev naus laus zis thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog. Thaum pib siv rau hauv me me thiab nruab nrab- loj servo tsav hauv aerospace, neeg hlau, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tam sim no lawv tau siv dav hauv tsheb fais fab, hluav taws xob ntau chav, thiab cov nkoj hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog DC lub cev muaj zog thiab cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa, nrog rau kev vam meej ntawm tib neeg lub neej, cov hlau nplaum tsis muaj zog yuav pom txawm tias siv dav dua.

Linear Motors

Kev nce qib tseem ceeb tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim qauv kev xav ntawm lub cev muaj zog, txhawb kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob tawm thiab coj lawv rov qab mus rau qhov tsom teeb.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, linear motors tau siv nyob rau hauv industrial machinery, tsheb thauj mus los, elevators, aircraft carrier aircraft launchers, electromagnetic phom, missile launchers, thiab electromagnetic propulsion submarines. Qhov no yog -hu ua "qhov chaw of elevator" tau tshawb fawb los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab lwm lub tebchaws koom nrog siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob los tso tawm qhov chaw shuttles lossis lub dav hlau mus rau qhov chaw.

Hauv computer disk drives, muaj ib hom lub cev muaj zog uas tsav lub taub hau nyeem / sau npe hu ua lub suab coil lub cev muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog hom kab hluav taws xob.

Linear motors tsis txwv rau hluav taws xob motors; Kuj tseem muaj cov tshuab hluav taws xob linear. Daim duab 2-7 qhia tau hais tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob yoj-driven linear.

Stepper Tsav
Stepper motors hloov hluav taws xob mem tes signals mus rau hauv angular hloov mus tswj rotor kev sib hloov, ua hauj lwm raws li actuators nyob rau hauv tsis siv neeg tswj li. Txhua lub tswv yim pulse teeb liab ua rau lub cev muaj zog stepper txav mus rau ib kauj ruam tom ntej, yog li nws tseem hu ua mem tes motor. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm microelectronics thiab computer technology, qhov kev thov rau stepper motors yog nce txhua hnub, thiab lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sectors ntawm lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag.

Lub zog tsav lub zog rau lub cev muaj zog stepper muaj cov zaus hloov pauv mem tes teeb liab qhov chaw, lub mem tes distributor, thiab mem tes amplifier, uas muab cov mem tes tam sim no rau lub cev muaj zog windings. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab stepper yog nyob ntawm kev sib koom tes zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab lub zog tsav.

Stepper motors tau muab faib ua ob hom yooj yim raws li lawv lub cev muaj zog: electromechanical thiab magnetoelectric. Electromechanical stepper motors muaj cov tub ntxhais hlau, coils, thiab iav mechanisms. Thaum lub solenoid coil yog energized, nws generates magnetic quab yuam, uas actuates hlau core, ua rau nws txav. Lub iav mechanism tig lub tso zis ncej los ntawm lub kaum sab xis, thiab ib qho kev tiv thaiv - tig iav ua rau cov zis ncej nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm tshiab. Thaum lub kauj yog energized dua, lub ncej tig los ntawm lwm lub kaum sab xis, thiab lwm yam, ua cov kauj ruam. Electromagnetic stepper motors feem ntau tuaj nyob rau hauv peb hom: hlau nplaum ruaj khov, reactive, thiab cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov induction.

Superconducting Motors Superconducting motors tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov motors zoo tib yam raws li cov qauv siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, tshwj tsis yog tias lawv cov windings siv cov khoom siv superconducting, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov loj me thiab txuag hluav taws xob. Vim tias superconductivity xav tau cov cuab yeej tub yees, cov qauv tshwj xeeb yog qhov nyuaj, thiab yog li ntawd lawv feem ntau tsuas yog siv hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob loj lossis lub cev muaj zog (xws li cov uas siv rau kev tsav nkoj loj). Daim duab 2-9 qhia txog superconducting DC lub cev muaj zog rau cov nkoj.

Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Motors Ultrasonic piezoelectric motors yog ib hom kev tsav tsheb tshiab tsim nyob rau nruab nrab -1980s. Lawv tsis muaj magnetic teb los yog windings, thiab lawv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus txawv kiag li los ntawm cov tsoos electromagnetic motors. Nws siv cov nyhuv piezoelectric rov qab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv piezoelectric los hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv ultrasonic kev co ntawm lub cev elastic, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov kev sib txhuam sib kis mus rau hauv kev sib hloov los yog tawm ntawm lub cev txav. Hom lub cev muaj zog no muaj qhov zoo xws li kev khiav hauj lwm ceev, siab tso zis, compact qauv, me me, thiab tsis tshua muaj suab nrov. Ntxiv mus, nws tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig sib nqus teb thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv thaj chaw xws li biological life sciences, optical instruments, thiab high-precision machinery.